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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Opium Wars ： ウィキペディア英語版 Opium Wars Opium Wars is a collective term for two wars in the mid-19th century involving Anglo-Chinese disputes over British trade in China and China's sovereignty. The disputes included the First Opium War (1839–1842) and the Second Opium War (1856–1860). The wars and events between them weakened the Qing dynasty and reduced China's separation from the rest of the world.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title="A Short History of the Opium Wars" (from: ''Civilizations Past And Present'', Chapter 29: South And East Asia, 1815-1914) )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Chinese history: Opium Wars )〕 The two segments of warfare it refers to are: ==First Opium War== (詳細はTreaty of Nanking in 1842. The treaty ceded the island of Hong Kong to the United Kingdom in perpetuity, and it established five treaty ports at Shanghai, Canton, Ningpo, Fuchow, and Amoy. Another treaty the next year gave most favoured nation status to the United Kingdom and added provisions for British extraterritoriality. Then the United States and France secured concessions on the same terms as the British, in treaties of 1843 and 1844. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Opium Wars」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.